Unraveling the Menstrual Cycle: A Comprehensive Mind Map Guide
Dive into the intricacies of the menstrual cycle with our comprehensive mindmap guide.
Explore the hormonal fluctuations and physiological changes that occur throughout the cycle in a visually engaging format.
Understand the role of the ovaries, uterus, and pituitary gland in regulating the menstrual cycle.
Here is a detailed comprehensive mind map of the physiology topic “Menstrual Cycle”:
Central Idea: Menstrual Cycle
Main Branches:
- Hormonal Regulation
- Phases of the Menstrual Cycle
- Follicular Development
- Ovulation
- Luteal Phase
- Menstruation
- Clinical Correlations
Sub-Branches:
1. Hormonal Regulation
- Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian (HPO) Axis
- Hypothalamus produces GnRH
- Pituitary gland produces FSH and LH
- Ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone
- Estrogen and Progesterone
- Estrogen: stimulates follicular growth and proliferation of endometrium
- Progesterone: prepares uterus for implantation and maintains pregnancy
2. Phases of the Menstrual Cycle
- Follicular Phase
- Days 1-14 of a 28-day cycle
- Estrogen levels rise, stimulating follicular growth
- Ovulatory Phase
- Day 14 of a 28-day cycle
- LH surge triggers ovulation
- Luteal Phase
- Days 15-28 of a 28-day cycle
- Progesterone levels rise, preparing uterus for implantation
- Menstrual Phase
- Days 1-5 of a 28-day cycle
- Estrogen and progesterone levels drop, leading to menstruation
3. Follicular Development
- Primordial Follicles
- Immature follicles containing ova
- Develop into primary follicles
- Primary Follicles
- Grow and mature under FSH stimulation
- Develop into secondary follicles
- Secondary Follicles
- Continue to grow and mature
- Release ova during ovulation
4. Ovulation
- Mechanism
- LH surge triggers ovulation
- Follicle ruptures and releases ovum
- Timing
- Occurs mid-cycle (day 14 of a 28-day cycle)
- Regulated by HPO axis
5. Luteal Phase
- Corpus Luteum
- Forms from ruptured follicle after ovulation
- Produces progesterone to prepare uterus for implantation
- Progesterone Effects
- Thickens endometrium, preparing it for implantation
- Inhibits uterine contractions, maintaining pregnancy
6. Menstruation
- Mechanism
- Estrogen and progesterone levels drop
- Uterine contractions and vasoconstriction lead to menstruation
- Characteristics
- Bleeding lasts 3-7 days
- Average blood loss is 30-40 mL
7. Clinical Correlations
- Amenorrhea
- Absence of menstruation
- Causes: hormonal imbalance, pregnancy, lactation, etc.
- Dysmenorrhea
- Painful menstruation
- Causes: hormonal imbalance, uterine fibroids, etc.
- Menorrhagia
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Causes: hormonal imbalance, uterine fibroids, etc.
This mind map covers the key topics related to the menstrual cycle, including hormonal regulation, phases of the cycle, follicular development, ovulation, luteal phase, menstruation, and clinical correlations.
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